Investigation of UX and Flow Experience in Sports Activities during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis of Cycling Apps

Since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, a dramatic increase in mHealth application (app) downloads has been documented. However, overall dwell retention for fitness apps is low, so gamification techniques are used within apps with the goal of positively influencing the user experience and ultimately the user's motivation. The so-called flow, which is related to intrinsic motivation, has been little explored in the context of cycling apps. Therefore, we conducted a quasi-experimental cycling study with 34 cyclists (20 female, 14 male;19 to 57 years old) who tested the adidas Running by Runtastic (Adidas Runtastic), Komoot, and Strava cycling apps during a 20-minute bike ride. After testing each cycling app, they completed the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) and the Flow State Scale-2 Short (FSS-2S). Our results showed no significant differences across the six factors of the UEQ, nor across the total score of the FSS-2S. Thus, we conclude that the three cycling apps Adidas Runtastic, Komoot, and Strava are perceived and rated almost equally by female and male cyclists.

Completing the Donor History Questionnaire before the Donation Visit Can Improve Blood Safety

Background and Objectives: In Germany, the donor history questionnaire (DHQ) is traditionally filled in at the donation center to avoid any influence of others. Since March 2020, it has been suggested to donors to answer the DHQ already at home and to call if they have any concerns to reduce the number of ineligible donors on-site during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the rate of ineligible donors before and after March 2020. Additionally, an anonymous online survey asking for the donors' attitude towards the DHQ was performed. It included questions on whether and for what reason the DHQ had been answered incorrectly in the past. Results: The rate of ineligible donors decreased by 27% (from 7.1% to 5.2%). In total, 5,556 of 10,252 invited donors completed the survey (54.2%). 88.6% reported either going through the DHQ at home or knowing all questions from their previous donations. 444 donors (8.0%) had at least once postponed a donation after reading the DHQ at home. 68 donors (1.2%) admitted having intentionally provided false answers in the past (9 at home, 43 on-site, 14 both, 2 unknown). Not wanting to be rejected once arriving at the donation center was an important motivation for 42% of donors answering incorrectly on-site. Details on 46 incorrect answers were provided: only 17 had no influence on donor eligibility or product quality. In 5 cases, some blood products might have had impaired quality. Truthful answers to 17 questions would have led to deferral, mostly due to increased risk for unrecognized viral infections transmitted by sexual contacts. For a further 7 questions, there was insufficient information available to determine possible consequences. Asked about their general opinion, 753 (13.6%) of all donors estimated the risk of incorrect answers being greater on-site, while 239 (4.3%) presumed an increased risk at home. Conclusion: Answering the DHQ prior to a donation visit prevented ineligible donors from visiting the donation center. Furthermore, it might improve honesty, as the discomfort of being deferred after arriving at the donation center was an important reason to answer incorrectly. Overall, there was no increased risk of donor or product safety, and potentially even a benefit. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Subcutaneous (SC) Administration of Mosunetuzumab with Cycle 1 Step-up Dosing Is Tolerable and Active in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (R/R B-NHL): Initial Results from a Phase I/II Study

Background: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a potentially serious complication of T-cell engaging immunotherapy. Effective measures are needed to reduce the rate and severity. In a multicenter Phase I/II study (NCT02500407), the CD20xCD3 bispecific antibody mosunetuzumab (Mosun) showed durable complete responses (CR) and had manageable safety in patients (pts) with late-line R/R B-NHL (Schuster et al. ASH 2019). IV administration with Cycle (C) 1 step-up dosing was an effective strategy for mitigating CRS during C1 (Bartlett et al. ASCO 2019). Fixed-dose SC administration was also a viable strategy for CRS mitigation, owing to the slower rate of Mosun absorption compared with IV (Matasar et al. ASH 2020). A combination of both strategies could further improve the CRS profile. We present safety and efficacy data from the initial cohorts investigating SC Mosun administration with C1 step-up dosing in the Phase I/II study. Methods: All pts had R/R B-NHL with ≥1 prior line of systemic therapy and ECOG PS ≤1. SC Mosun was given in 21-day cycles using two step-up dosing schedules (C1 day [D]1/C1D8/C1D15 and D1 of subsequent cycles: 5/15/45mg or 5/45/45mg). Mosun was discontinued after C8 in pts who achieved a CR, while pts with a partial response or stable disease continued Mosun for a total of 17 cycles, unless progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity occurred. Primary objectives included evaluation of safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK). Responses were evaluated by investigator-assessment of PET/CT scans using Cheson 2007 criteria. CRS is reported using ASTCT criteria (Lee et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019). Results: As of June 21, 2021, 74 pts had been enrolled (5/15/45mg: 38 pts;5/45/45mg: 36 pts). Median age was 67.0 years (range: 41-88). The most common NHL subtypes were DLBCL (31 pts), FL (21), transformed (tr) FL (10), and MCL (3). 70.0% of pts had Ann Arbor stage III or IV disease. Median number of prior lines of therapy was 3 (range: 1-9). 79.5% of pts were refractory to prior anti-CD20 therapy and 82.4% were refractory to their last prior therapy. Median follow-up for safety was 2.5 months (range: 0.2-7.2). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed during dose-escalation. Common all-Grade (Gr) adverse events (AEs;≥10% of pts) were injection site reaction (52.7%;Gr 1: 47.3%;Gr 2: 5.4%), CRS (24.3%), fatigue (21.6%), headache (17.6%), rash (13.5%), and pyrexia (10.8%). CRS mostly occurred in C1 and was low Gr in all pts (Gr 1: 17.6%;Gr 2: 6.8%);no Gr ≥3 CRS occurred. Gr 2 CRS occurred with a similar frequency in the 5/15/45mg and 5/45/45mg cohorts (7.9% vs 5.6% of pts, respectively). In the 5/15/45mg cohort, the 3 Gr 2 CRS events occurred after each of the C1 doses, while in the 5/45/45mg cohort, the 2 Gr 2 CRS events occurred after the first 45mg dose. Median duration of CRS was 2 days (range: 1-6) and all events resolved without sequelae. Neutropenia occurred in 12.2% of pts (Gr 2: 2.7%;Gr 3: 6.8%;Gr 4: 2.7%). Febrile neutropenia occurred in only 1 pt (Gr 3). Serious infections occurred in 3 pts (2 pneumonia, both resolved;1 COVID-19, fatal outcome). No Mosun-related Gr 5 (fatal) AEs or Mosun-related AEs leading to Mosun discontinuation occurred. The PK profile of SC Mosun was consistent with that previously reported, with high bioavailability (>85%), a slow absorption rate, and a blunted C max. IL-6 and IFN-y kinetics in plasma were similar in both SC cohorts, with modest and delayed increases observed after the initial dose, contrasting with the more marked and rapid increases observed with IV dosing, and consistent with the low frequency and severity of CRS observed. At data cut-off, 38 pts were efficacy evaluable. Responses were observed in 19 pts across all histologies, including 8/10 (80%) pts with R/R FL and 6/17 (35.3%) pts with R/R DLBCL/trFL. Conclusions: SC Mosun administration with C1 step-up dosing has a favorable safety profile in pts with late-line and highly refractory B-NHL, enabling an outpatient treatment schedule without mandatory hospitalizations. Encouragingly, the 5/45/45mg schedule had a low rate of CRS that was similar to the 5/15/45mg schedule, allowing the target dose to be reached earlier. Early response data suggest that the efficacy of Mosun is not compromised by SC dosing. Compared with IV, SC Mosun is likely to improve convenience for pts and efficiency for healthcare providers. Updated efficacy data with longer follow up and depth of response will be presented. Disclosures: Bartlett: Affimed: Research Funding;Autolus: Research Funding;Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding;Celgene: Research Funding;Forty Seven: Research Funding;Janssen: Research Funding;Kite Pharma: Research Funding;Merck: Research Funding;Millennium: Research Funding;Pharmacyclics: Research Funding;Genentech, Inc./F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding;Seattle Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding;ADC Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding;Washington University School of Medicine: Current Employment. Giri: Royal Adelaide Hospital: Current Employment. Budde: Genentech, Inc.: Consultancy;Merck, Inc: Research Funding;Amgen: Research Funding;AstraZeneca: Research Funding;Mustang Bio: Research Funding;Novartis: Consultancy;Gilead: Consultancy;Roche: Consultancy;Beigene: Consultancy. Schuster: Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding;Nordic Nanovector: Consultancy;Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding;Abbvie: Consultancy, Research Funding;Acerta Pharma/AstraZeneca: Consultancy;Alimera Sciences: Consultancy;BeiGene: Consultancy;Juno Theraputics: Consultancy, Research Funding;Loxo Oncology: Consultancy;Tessa Theraputics: Consultancy;Genentech/Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding;Pharmaclyclics: Research Funding;Adaptive Biotechnologies: Research Funding;Merck: Research Funding;Incyte: Research Funding;TG Theraputics: Research Funding;DTRM: Research Funding. Assouline: Johnson&Johnson: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company;Gilead: Speakers Bureau;Amgen: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Research Funding;Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding;Eli Lilly: Research Funding;Roche/Genentech: Research Funding;Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec: Current Employment;Takeda: Research Funding;BeiGene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding;F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding;AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria;AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau;Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria;Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria. Matasar: Merck Sharp & Dohme: Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company;Juno Therapeutics: Consultancy;Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding;Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy;Genentech, Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding;Bayer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding;Merck: Consultancy;Teva: Consultancy;TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria;F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding;Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria;GlaxoSmithKline: Honoraria, Research Funding;Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding;Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center: Current Employment;IGM Biosciences: Research Funding;Pharmacyclics: Honoraria, Research Funding;Rocket Medical: Consultancy, Research Funding;ImmunoVaccine Technologies: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Canales: Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau;Incyte: Consultancy;Sandoz: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau;iQone: Honoraria;Sanofi: Consultancy;Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria;Karyopharm: Consultancy, Honoraria;Eusa Pharma: Consultancy, Honoraria;Celgene/Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria;Gilead/Kite: Consultancy, Honoraria;F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau;Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Fay: St Vincent's Hosptial, Sydney, ustralia: Current Employment. Cheah: BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding;Abbvie: Research Funding;Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria;MSD: Consultancy, Honoraria;Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria;Ascentage Pharma: Consultancy, Honoraria;AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria;Lilly: Consultancy, Honoraria;TG therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria;Beigene: Consultancy, Honoraria;Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria;Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel, Research Funding. Marlton: BeiGene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;AstraZeneca: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Astellas: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;AbbVie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Queensland Health: Current Employment;Jazz: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Wiebking: Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company;F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Yin: Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Divested equity in a private or publicly-traded company in the past 24 months. To: Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Li: Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment, Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company. Huang:F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Current Employment. Zhou: Fibrogen China: Ended employment in the past 24 months;Roche Pharma Product Development: Current Employment. Penuel: Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. O'Hear: Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment;F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company. Sehn: Novartis: Consultancy;Debiopharm: Consultancy;Genmab: Consultancy. OffLabel Disclosure: Mosunetuzumab is a CD20xCD3 bispecific antibody that redirects T cells to engage and eliminate malignant B cells. Mosunetuzumab is an investigational agent.

Safety and Efficacy of Sars-Cov-2 Vaccines in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Receiving PD-1 Inhibitors

Background: Patients (pts) with cancer are at higher risk for complications and mortality related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Although mRNA vaccines have been granted Food and Drug Administration emergency use authorization (EUA) for prevention of COVID-19, the pivotal trials largely excluded pts with active cancer. Emerging data suggests suboptimal efficacy of these vaccines in pts with hematologic malignancies. There are also theoretical concerns that programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors (PD-1i) could potentiate vaccine-related adverse events (AEs);conversely, these vaccines could activate the immune system, increasing the risk for immune-related reactions (IRRs) after PD-1i treatment. Pts with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) receiving PD-1i represent a unique cohort and should be investigated for safety and efficacy issues with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of pts with cHL who were treated with PD-1i within the past 12 months. Our primary objective was to determine the frequency of vaccine-related AEs and also subsequent IRRs to PD-1i after vaccination as reported in the medical records. Our secondary objective was to determine efficacy based on post-vaccine COVID-19 infection rates and by presence of adequate receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG antibody level to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This assay was a clinically available institutional assay developed under EUA. While the level of antibody that is associated with immune protection has not yet been defined, we used RBD IgG > 0.700 AU as positive since it was previously correlated with virus neutralization titer in vitro. Results: From July 1, 2020 through June 31, 2021, we identified 27 pts who received PD-1i for cHL and were seen at the University of Pennsylvania. Seventeen (63%) pts received nivolumab and 10 (37%) received pembrolizumab. The median age was 42 years (23-86), median number of therapies was 4 (2-15), and 7 (26%) had prior history of COVID-19 infection (none required hospitalization). Twenty-three pts (85% of total) were vaccinated: 17 (74%) received Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 and 6 (26%) had Moderna mRNA-1273 formulations. Of 19 (83%) pts who received at least one dose of PD-1i prior vaccine, the median time between last PD-1i infusion and first vaccine administration was 20 days (2-157). Of 19 (83%) pts who received any PD-1i after vaccine, the median time to infusion was 18 days (4-89). In pts who had prior COVID-19 infection, the median time between the prior infection and vaccine was 91 days (range 78-350). There were no unexpected toxicities noted and no severe adverse events or hospitalizations directly related to vaccination. No patient discontinued the vaccination series due to side effects. In 12 vaccinated pts who had vaccine-related AEs solicited by the medical provider, 7 (58%) developed injection site reaction/pain: grade 1 (6/12) and grade 2 (1/12). Six (50%) pts had systemic AEs: grade 1 fatigue (4/12), grade 2 fatigue (1/12), transient generalized lymphadenopathy (1/12), fever (1/12). No new IRRs occurred in pts receiving subsequent PD-1i after vaccination. Two weeks after second vaccination, 1 patient developed worsening cough with imaging suggestive of pneumonitis but improved with antibiotics. There were no post-vaccine COVID-19 infections noted. RBD IgG antibody levels were available in 12/23 (52%) of all vaccinated pts;11/12 (92%) pts had positive antibody titers. The only patient who did not mount positive RBD IgG antibody titers received brentuximab vedotin concurrently with PD-1i prior to vaccination. There were insufficient events to correlate pre-vaccine factors with AEs or efficacy. Conclusion: Pts with relapsed/refractory cHL on PD-1i who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines had no unexpected toxicities and tolerated subsequent PD-1i without new IRRs. The efficacy based on post-vaccination COVID-19 rates and RBD IgG levels is encouraging in these heavily pretreated pts. We plan an additional prospective component of this study using atient reported outcomes and long-term safety and efficacy follow-up. Disclosures: Svoboda: Incyte: Research Funding;Genmab: Consultancy;Merck: Research Funding;Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding;BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding;TG: Research Funding;Imbrium: Consultancy;Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding;Astra Zeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding;Atara: Consultancy;Adaptive: Consultancy, Research Funding. Dwivedy Nasta: Roche: Research Funding;Merck: Other: Data safety monitoring board;Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;AstraZeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Pharmacyclics: Research Funding;ATARA: Research Funding;Millenium: Research Funding;Rafael: Research Funding;Debiopharm: Research Funding. Ruella: AbClon: Consultancy, Research Funding;BMS, BAYER, GSK: Consultancy;Novartis: Patents & Royalties;Tmunity: Patents & Royalties;viTToria biotherapeutics: Research Funding. Landsburg: Triphase: Research Funding;Takeda: Research Funding;Curis: Research Funding;ADCT: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees;Karyopharm: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: DSMB member;Morphosys: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Barta: Seagen: Honoraria;Daiichi Sankyo: Honoraria;Acrotech: Honoraria;Kyowa Kirin: Honoraria. Gerson: TG Therapeutics: Consultancy;Kite: Consultancy;Abbvie: Consultancy;Pharmacyclics: Consultancy. Schuster: Loxo Oncology: Consultancy;Nordic Nanovector: Consultancy;Genentech/Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding;Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding;Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding;Acerta Pharma/AstraZeneca: Consultancy;BeiGene: Consultancy;Juno Theraputics: Consultancy, Research Funding;Tessa Theraputics: Consultancy;Pharmaclyclics: Research Funding;Abbvie: Consultancy, Research Funding;Alimera Sciences: Consultancy;Adaptive Biotechnologies: Research Funding;Merck: Research Funding;Incyte: Research Funding;TG Theraputics: Research Funding;DTRM: Research Funding.

Corona and the ICT infrastructure: Learnings and challenges

The restrictions introduced in March 2020 to fight the Corona pandemic have led to a massive increase of the use of voice, videoconferencing and messenger services as well as streaming and gaming. The traffic distribution along days and weeks has shifted considerably. In Germany, the sudden increase of working from home and the related access to the office IT infrastructure from home has been mastered generally well by the companies and their staff. Essential factors of success were their willingness to learn and to apply pragmatic solutions. The underlaying ICT infrastructures did cope surprisingly well with the sudden increase of traffic and amount of data. The widespread use of cloud technologies with their inherent elasticity allowed to react rapidly to the changes of the load patterns. On the networks side, the usual pre-emptive build-out to cope with the ever-growing data traffic was the base to handle successfully the sudden increase of network load. Communication networks in both Europe and North America have seen a typical average traffic increase of 20-30% from March to September 2020, mainly driven by video conferencing, streaming and gaming. The carrier networks, content delivery networks and service provider cloud infrastructures could handle well the fast increase of traffic thanks to the provisions for its usual growth. Residential access networks have developed into a kind of critical infrastructure. In parallel to the increased usage of various services from home, a strong increase of the number of cyberattacks on networks was observed. An effective protection against these attacks has become more important than ever before. © VDE VERLAG GMBH · Berlin · Offenbach